Foram estudadas, para a pesquisa de espécies de Arcobacter, 50 amostras de leite bovino, obtidas dos centros de coleta da empresa de laticínios ECOLAC, das províncias de Loja e Zamora Chinchipe, Equador, sendo isoladas em total 8 cepas de Arcobacter butzleri (16%). Esta frequência de isolamento concorda e está dentro dos níveis descritos na literatura. Todas as cepas isoladas foram sensíveis à gentamicina. Foi encontrada alta frequência de resistência à tetraciclina (6/8 cepas) e à ciprofloxacina (4/8 cepas), sendo verificada a ocorrência de multirresistência em três das oito cepas isoladas.

A total of 50 samples of bovine milk obtained from bulk tanks milk of the collection centers belonging to the company ECOLAC, of the provinces of Loja and Zamora Chinchipe, Ecuador, were studied for Arcobacter species diagnosis, being isolated 8 strains of Arcobacter butzleri (16%). This frequency of isolation agrees and falls within the ranges described in the literature. All the isolated strains were susceptible to gentamicin. High resistance levels to tetracycline and ciprofloxacin were found with 6/8 and 4/8 resistant strains respectively. Multi-resistance was found in three of the eight isolated strains.

Para la búsqueda de especies de Arcobacter fueron estudiadas 50 muestras de leche bovina obtenidas de los centros de acopio de la empresa láctea Ecolac, de las provincias de Loja y Zamora Chinchipe, Ecuador, y se aisló un total de ocho cepas de Arcobacter butzleri (16%). Esta frecuencia de aislamiento concuerda y está dentro de los rangos descriptos en la literatura. Todas las cepas aisladas fueron sensibles a gentamicina. Se encontró alta frecuencia de resistencia a tetraciclina (6/8 cepas) y a ciprofloxacina (4/8 cepas). Se verificó la ocurrencia de multirresistencia en tres de las ocho cepas aisladas.

ABSTRACT Arcobacter cryaerophilus is an emerging enteropathogen and potential zoonotic agent transmitted by food and water. In Costa Rica, this bacterium has not been associated with cases of human gastroenteritis, even though it has been isolated from farm animals, especially poultry. This paper reports the first isolation of A. cryaerophilus from a human case of bloody watery diarrhea and the virulence genes associated with this isolate.

Foram estudadas, para a pesquisa de rotavírus, 341 amostras fecais obtidas de igual número de crianças menores de cinco anos, com diarreia aguda, atendidos em dois centros de saúde da cidade de Loja - Equador. Delas, 56 (16%) foram positivas para rotavírus, sendo genotipadas 33 amostras para a determinação de genótipos G e P. Os genótipos mais frequentes foram G4 (42%), P[6] (36%) e a combinação mista G4+9P[6] (21%). Este é o primeiro estudo de caráter molecular em rotavírus realizado no sul do Equador. Os dados obtidos ratificam a variabilidade de cepas de rotavírus circulantes neste país.

A total of 341 fecal samples obtained from children under five years of age with acute diarrhea disease, attending two nursing homes in Loja city, Ecuador were studied for rotavirus diagnosis. Out of them, 56 (16%) were rotavirus positive and 33 samples were genotyped for the determination of genotypes G and P. The most frequent genotypes were G4 (42%), P [6] (36%) and +9 mixed combination G4 P [6] (21%). This is the first molecular study on rotavirus carried out in Southern Ecuador and the obtained data confirms the variability of the rotavirus circulating strains in Ecuador.

Fueron estudiadas, para la búsqueda de rotavirus, 341 muestras fecales obtenidas de sendos niños menores de cinco años con diarrea aguda, atendidos en dos centros de salud de la ciudad de Loja - Ecuador. De ellas, 56 (16%) fueron positivas para rotavirus, siendo genotipificadas 33 muestras para la determinación de genotipos G y P. Los genotipos más frecuentes fueron G4 (42%), P[6] (36%) y la combinación mixta G4+9P[6] (21%). Este es el primer estudio de carácter molecular en rotavirus realizado en el sur de Ecuador y los datos obtenidos ratifican la variabilidad de cepas de rotavirus circulantes en este país.

Arcobacter spp. are emerging enteropathogens and potential zoonotic agents that can be transmitted by food and water, being considered a public health risk. The high isolation rate of these bacteria from poultry products suggests that it may be a major source of human infections. One hallmark for differentiating the genus Arcobacter fromCampylobacter includes their growing capacity at low temperatures (15-30 °C) under aerobic conditions. However, little is known about the population density variation of these bacteria at different refrigeration temperatures. The aim of this study was to determine the survival behavior of two different Arcobacter butzleri concentrations (104 CFU/mL and 107 CFU/mL) inoculated on chicken legs and held at two different refrigeration temperatures (4 and 10 °C) throughout storage time. Results have shown that A. butzleri had growing capacity both at 4 and 10 °C. No statistical difference between the survival trends was found for both bacterial concentrations and temperatures tested. This study shows that A. butzleri is a robust species with regard to storage temperature, and represents a potential health risk for poultry meat consumers.